This glossary contains a number of definitions from the following publication:
J. M. Cock; Tessmar-Raible, K.; Boyen, C.; Viard, F. (Eds.), Introduction to Marine Genomics, vol. 1, 1st ed., Advances in Marine Genomics Vol. (Springer, 2010). Available from: http://www.springer.com/life+
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| RAPD |
Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA; DNA fragments randomly amplified by PCR from genomic DNA with short primers (8-12 nucleotides) of arbitrary nucleotide sequence. |
| RAST |
Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology. |
| Replicate |
A repetition of the same experimental measurement, The replicate can either be technical, where the same biological extract is analyzed twice, eg. by using the same mRNA for multiple microarrays; or it can be a biological replicate, when for example sample material is harvested from different individuals grown under the same conditions. |
| Reporter/Probe |
An oligonucleotide attached to the surface of a microarray. |
| RNA interference (RNAI) |
A genetic mechanism in which double-stranded RNA is cleaved into small fragments and acts a signal to either initiate the degradation of a complementary messenger RNA or to interfere with its translation. |
| ROS |
Reactive Oxygen species; Small molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen; ROS contribute to oxidative stress/damage of DNA, lipids (oxidations of polydesaturated fatty acids), proteins (oxidations of amino acids) and inactivate specific enzymes (oxidation of co-factors). |
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The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 /2007-2013) under grant agreement no 266055. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use which maybe made of the information contained therein. |
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